glossary.hero.kicker
Glosar
Termeni din cercetarea peptidelor
- Amino acid
- The building block of peptides and proteins. There are 20 standard proteinogenic amino acids in human biology.
- Agonist
- A molecule that binds a receptor and activates it, producing a downstream biological response.
- Bioavailability
- The fraction of an administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in active form.
- Cleavage
- The enzymatic or chemical breaking of a peptide bond, releasing a fragment or active sequence.
- Half-life
- The time required for the concentration of a molecule in the body to reduce by half.
- Incretin
- A class of metabolic hormones (e.g. GLP-1, GIP) that stimulate insulin secretion in response to food.
- Ligand
- Any molecule — including a peptide — that binds to a receptor to elicit a biological effect.
- Neuropeptide
- A peptide that acts as a signalling molecule in the nervous system, often modulating neurotransmission.
- Pharmacodynamics
- The study of what a drug does to the body — its biochemical and physiological effects.
- Pharmacokinetics
- The study of what the body does to a drug — its absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion.
- Receptor
- A protein on or inside a cell that recognises and binds a ligand to trigger a cellular response.
- Recombinant
- Produced by inserting a gene encoding the peptide into a host cell that synthesises it.
- Secretagogue
- A substance that promotes the secretion of another, such as a growth-hormone-releasing peptide.
- Subcutaneous
- Administered into the tissue layer just under the skin — a common route for peptide research compounds.
- Synthesis
- The chemical or biological assembly of amino acids into a peptide chain.